Análisis y comentarios al artículo 28 constitucional
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Universidad La Salle, Facultad de Derecho
Citación
Dacasa López, E. (2019). Análisis y comentarios al artículo 28 constitucional. Revista Académica de la Facultad de Derecho, XVI (32), 195-220.
Resumen
En el presente trabajo nos proponemos dimensionar el papel del Estado
mexicano en su función de rector y orientador de la política económica
de nuestro país en el contexto de una economía globalizada e interdependiente,
en la cual se han generado pronunciados cambios en
diversas áreas (interdependencia económica, el exponencial desarrollo
de las tecnologías de la comunicación, y otros, que han propiciado que
el papel del Estado en esta materia tenga que adecuarse, adaptándose
a las nuevas condiciones que le impone la realidad internacional.
En este sentido, al referirnos al denominado capítulo económico de
nuestra Constitución, nos detenemos en realizar el análisis del Artículo
28 constitucional, en el cual, además de prohibir de manera expresa
la existencia de monopolios y estancos, señalar la existencia de áreas
estratégicas y prioritarias, y determinar las facultades del Ejecutivo en
materia económica, regula la estructura de la Comisión Nacional de
Competencia Económica y el Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones,
que tendrán por objeto, en la esfera de sus competencias, garantizar la
libre concurrencia y competencia, así como prevenir, investigar y combatir
los monopolios, las prácticas monopólicas, las concentraciones y
demás restricciones al funcionamiento eficiente de los mercados, en
los términos que establecen esta Constitución y las leyes. No obstante,
no basta con la simple existencia de un marco normativo para garantizar
el equilibrado desarrollo de la economía nacional, en la aplicación
de estas normas concurren cantidad de elementos de toda naturaleza
que necesariamente repercuten en su instrumentación, por ello, la actividad
del Estado como regulador y garante de ésta es fundamental
para alcanzar los objetivos que persigue y lograr el desarrollo armónico
del país.
In the present work we propose to dimension the role of the Mexican State in its function as rector and counselor of the economic policy of our country in the context of a globalized and interdependent economy, in which pronounced changes in diverse areas have been generated (interdependence economic, the exponential development of communication technologies, and others, which have led to the role of the State in this matter have to adapt, adapting to the new conditions imposed by international reality. In this sense, when referring to the so-called economic chapter of our Constitution, we stop at the analysis of Constitutional Article 28, in which, besides expressly prohibiting the existence of monopolies and tobacconists, point out the existence of strategic and priority areas , and determine the powers of the Executive in economic matters, regulates the structure of the National Commission of Economic Competition and the Federal Institute of Telecommunications, which will have as an objective, in the sphere of its competencies, to guarantee free competition and competition, as well as to prevent , investigate and combat monopolies, monopolistic practices, concentrations and other restrictions on the efficient functioning of markets, in the terms established by this Constitution and the laws. However, the mere existence of a normative framework to guarantee the balanced development of the national economy is not enough, in the application of these rules there are a number of elements of all kinds that necessarily have an impact on their implementation, therefore, the activity of the State as a regulator and guarantor of this is essential to achieve the objectives pursued and achieve the harmonious development of the country.
In the present work we propose to dimension the role of the Mexican State in its function as rector and counselor of the economic policy of our country in the context of a globalized and interdependent economy, in which pronounced changes in diverse areas have been generated (interdependence economic, the exponential development of communication technologies, and others, which have led to the role of the State in this matter have to adapt, adapting to the new conditions imposed by international reality. In this sense, when referring to the so-called economic chapter of our Constitution, we stop at the analysis of Constitutional Article 28, in which, besides expressly prohibiting the existence of monopolies and tobacconists, point out the existence of strategic and priority areas , and determine the powers of the Executive in economic matters, regulates the structure of the National Commission of Economic Competition and the Federal Institute of Telecommunications, which will have as an objective, in the sphere of its competencies, to guarantee free competition and competition, as well as to prevent , investigate and combat monopolies, monopolistic practices, concentrations and other restrictions on the efficient functioning of markets, in the terms established by this Constitution and the laws. However, the mere existence of a normative framework to guarantee the balanced development of the national economy is not enough, in the application of these rules there are a number of elements of all kinds that necessarily have an impact on their implementation, therefore, the activity of the State as a regulator and guarantor of this is essential to achieve the objectives pursued and achieve the harmonious development of the country.
Palabras clave
Áreas estratégicas , Áreas prioritarias , Concentraciones , Comisión Federal de Competencia Económica , Desarrollo económico , Globalización , Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones , Monopolio , Prácticas monopólicas , Rectoría económica , Strategic areas , Priority areas , Concentrations , Federal Commission of Economic Competition , Economic development , Globalization , Federal Institute of Telecommunications , Monopoly , Monopolistic practices , Economic rector , CIENCIAS SOCIALES::CIENCIAS JURÍDICAS Y DERECHO
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